Exemption from prescription charges

Nonprofit hospitals and the federal tax exemption: a fresh prescription.

Prescription charges: are they worth it?

While Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland have abandoned charges for prescriptions, in April the English saw prescription charges rise once again, to £8.05 (€10; $13.5) per prescribed item. Labour peer David Lipsey has suggested that the charges are, “a dog’s dinner lacking any basis in fairness or logic and stuffed with anomalies and inconsistencies.” But apart from unfairness, illogicality,...

What impact do prescription drug charges have on efficiency and equity? Evidence from high-income countries

As pharmaceutical expenditure continues to rise, third-party payers in most high-income countries have increasingly shifted the burden of payment for prescription drugs to patients. A large body of literature has examined the relationship between prescription charges and outcomes such as expenditure, use, and health, but few reviews explicitly link cost sharing for prescription drugs to efficie...

Gauge Charges from Supergravity

Some recent results in the study of four dimensional supergravity flux compactifications are reviewed, discussing in particular the role of torsion on the compactification manifold in generating gauge charges for the effective four dimensional theories.

Charges from Attractors

We describe how to recover the quantum numbers of extremal black holes from their near horizon geometries. This is achieved by constructing the gravitational Noether-Wald charges which can be used for non-extremal black holes as well. These charges are shown to be equivalent to the U(1) charges of appropriately dimensionally reduced solutions. Explicit derivations are provided for 10 dimensiona...